BEC初级词汇 Group 2
Bank account 银行账户
Bank draft 银行汇票
Bank loan
Bank statement 银行结单 对账单
Bank rate 银行利率
Banker
Banking 银行业
Bankrupt adj. 破产的 bankruptcy n. 破产
go bankrupt; file for bankrupt
account n.账户;描述/解释 ;重要性 v.解释 占比
give an account of 描述某事
He gave a detailed account of the system issues
account for占比 解释原因
These expenses account 30% for the total budget
His absence is hard to account for
admin account 管理员账号
standard account 普通账号
issue n.问题 争议 期号 发放 分配 子女 v. 颁布 发放
The governmen is reponsible for the issue of passports
The school will issue new textbooks next week
issue sth to sb
budget 预算
draft n.草稿 稿纸; 汇票 付款通知单;选秀;通风 ;v.起草;选派;征召入伍
final draft 终稿
The company issued a 5000 draft for the suppier
v. The lawer drafted a contract for the business deal
He was drafted to the army at the age of 19
• Contract:核心是“合同、契约”(如sign a contract)。
• Contrast:强调“对比”(常与between搭配)。
• Contact:侧重“联系”(如keep in contact)。
• Contractor:指“签合同的人”(如工程承包商)。
loan n.贷款 v.贷款
statement n.证词 ;陈述,声明;对账单;报表
The CEO made a statment of company's future plans
I need to check my bank statment for unusual charges
The police took a statement from the eyewitness
The company's annual financial statement will be released next week
court 法院;球场
The ball is in your court 轮到你做决定了;接下来看你的了
debt 债务
- 不可数:泛指 “债务状态” 或 “债务总额”。
- 例 1:The country is struggling with high levels of debt.(该国正面临高额债务问题。)
- 例 2:He spent years paying off debt.(他花了多年时间偿还债务。)
- 可数:指 “一笔具体的债务”。
- 例 1:She has three debts to repay by the end of the month.(她月底前有三笔债务需要偿还。)
- 例 2:The company owes several large debts to its suppliers.(该公司欠供应商几笔大额债务。)
- Debt:泛指 “欠债的状态或金额”(如信用卡欠款、房贷)。
- Loan:特指 “一笔借出的钱”(如银行贷款)。
- 例:Taking out a loan will add to your debt.(申请贷款会增加你的债务。)
financial crisis(金融危机)
dperess
动词depressThe news depressed him greatly.(这则消息让他极为沮丧。)
过去分词 / 形容人 depressed a depressed teenager(一个情绪低落的青少年)
现在分词 / 形容物 depressing a depressing lack of progress(令人沮丧的毫无进展)
名词depression clinical depression(临床抑郁症)
名词depressant Caffeine is not a depressant.(咖啡因不是镇静剂。)
bankrupt
go bankrupt
barrier 障碍,阻碍
tariff barrier
technicial barrier
trade barrier
tax 是税的总称,duty / tariff 是 tax 的两个种类
你购买商品时需要支付的税被称为 duty,尤其是在国外购买带到国内的商品。
这也就是为什么机场的「免税商店」对应的英文是 duty-free shop
tariff 特指政府对进口货物征收的税
- 在谈论「税率」的时候,更倾向用 tariff: The tariff is 15% of the total cost;在谈论具体「税费」的时候,更倾向用 duty:a duty of $1000.
- 某一些习惯的说法不能轻易改变。比如:上文提到的 duty-free shop;又比如「关税壁垒」,tariff barrier
base
customer base 客户群
base pay =basic pay
catalogue 目录
- Catalogue:英式英语(British English) 的拼写,常见于英国、澳大利亚、加拿大等英联邦国家。
- Catalog:美式英语(American English) 的拼写,主要用于美国和部分北美地区。
cash
cash on delivery 货到付款 COD
cash tansaction 现金交易
cash cow 摇钱树
cashier 出纳员
delivery 交付 运输 分娩
express delivery(特快专递)、same-day delivery(当日达)、next-day delivery(次日达)。
运输方式:delivery by truck(卡车运输)、delivery by air(航空运输)。
natural delivery(自然分娩)、caesarean delivery(剖腹产,简称 C-section)
elivery of documents(文件交付)、delivery of a contract(合同履行)
take delivery of接收、签收(货物)
- 动词:deliver
- 含义:递送、交付、发表(演讲)、分娩。
- 例句:The postman delivers mail every morning.(邮递员每天早晨送信。)
- 派生词:deliverable
- 含义(名词):可交付的成果(尤指项目、工作中的产出物)。
- 例句:The team must submit all deliverables by Friday.(团队必须在周五前提交所有可交付成果。)
Cusomes 海关 C大写,必须有s
Cusomes clearance 海关放行
Cusomtes declaration 海关申报
hang 悬挂;绞死
hang up 挂断电话
hang out 闲逛
过去式:悬挂 hung 绞死 hanged
decrease 减少 降低
sales volume decreased by 5% last quater
decrease from …… to ……
drop
fall 下降速度很快
Sales Volume(销售量)Sales Revenue(销售额)
revenue收入
annual 年度的
drop by 顺道拜访
Decrease (数量、程度等)自然减少、下降
Reduce(通过人为行动)使减少、降低
The price decreased by 10%.(价格下降了 10%)
We need to reduce production costs.(我们需降低生产成本。)
grant 授予 准予 同意 n. 拨款
grant sb a request 满足请求 / 愿望
take sth for ganted 认为……理所当然
Don’t take your health for granted.(别把健康当作理所当然。)
She received a research grant to study climate change
highlight 高亮 强调 突出
The CTO highlighted that the system is particularly stable
The higlight of the proposal
Particularly副词“尤其、特别”(同类中的特殊性)横向对比:同类事物中更突出
Extremely副词“极其、非常”(程度的极致性)纵向程度:超越普通范围的高程度
Particularl y:侧重 “同类中的特殊性”
Particularly in summer, the city becomes extremely hot.(尤其是在夏天,这座城市变得极其炎热。)
preference 倾向 偏好
have a preference for sth:偏爱某物
例:He has a strong preference for classical music.(他极偏爱古典音乐。)
give preference to sb/sth:优先考虑某人 / 某物
The company gives preference to candidates with relevant experience.
preference for sth对某事物的偏爱(主观喜好)
例:She has a preference for coffee.(她偏爱咖啡。)
例:She has a preference for coffee.(她偏爱咖啡。)
preference over sth相比某事物更偏爱另一事物
例:choose A in preference over B(选 A 而非 B)
例:choose A in preference over B(选 A 而非 B)
preference to sb/sth优先给予某人 / 某物(侧重 “优先权”)
例:grant preference to senior citizens(给老年人优先权)
例:grant preference to senior citizens(给老年人优先权)
interact 交流 互动
interact with sb/sth
interactive experience 互动体验
Rapid正式语境,强调 “过程快”科技、医学、自然现象
Fast通用语境,强调 “速度值”运动、交通、日常生活
Quick瞬时性,强调 “时间短”反应、决定、短暂动作
- Rapid population growth(人口的快速增长,正式场合)
- A fast car(一辆快车,通用描述)
- A quick response(快速回应,瞬时动作)
mange 管理 经营 设法做到
mananging director 总经理 =general manager
manageable 能处理的
manage to 设法做到
We must manage to hasten the delivery
hasten 加快(进程)、促使… 更快发生 急忙
He hastened to apologize for his mistake.(他急忙为错误道歉。)
hasten back/forward/down(匆忙返回 / 前进 / 向下)
例:She hastened forward to greet her guests.(她急忙上前迎接客人。)
hasten to do sth.(急忙做某事,含 “主动加快” 之意)
hastening(现在分词,作形容词:hastening footsteps 匆忙的脚步声)
Hastenv.人为主动 “促使… 加快”中等计划、进程、决定等抽象事物
Speed upv.(短语)侧重 “提高速度” 的具体动作口语化机器、车辆、工作效率
Acceleratev.物理或抽象的 “加速过程”正式科学术语、经济、科技领域
- Hasten:The company hastened the product launch.(公司加速产品发布。)
- Speed up:Can you speed up the car?(你能开快点吗?)
- Accelerate:The economy began to accelerate in the second quarter.(经济在第二季度开始加速。)
greet v.问候 迎接 打招呼;对……做出反应
The host greeted the guests at the door.(主人在门口迎接客人。)
Her speech was greeted by loud applause.(她的演讲赢得热烈掌声。)
greet sb. with sth.(用某种方式问候 / 迎接某人)
例:He greeted her with a handshake.(他握手问候她。)
Greetv.日常 “打招呼” 的具体动作greet a friend 问候朋友
Welcomev./n.“欢迎” 的整体态度或仪式welcome guests 欢迎宾客
Salutev./n.正式 “敬礼” 或 “致敬”salute the flag 向国旗敬礼
- Greet:He greeted me by saying "Good morning".(他说 “早上好” 问候我。)
- Welcome:The city welcomed the athletes with a parade.(城市以游行欢迎运动员。)
- Salute:The soldiers saluted their commander.(士兵向指挥官敬礼。)
greeting n.
Send my greetings to your family.(代我向你家人问好。)
offer n.提议 报价 优惠 录用通知书
accept an offer
special offer 特别优惠
He declined the offer from that compay beause he didn't think that job could offer any opportunity for promotion
promotion n. 晋升; 推广;促销
She got a promotion to senior manager.(她晋升为高级经理。)
- The promotion increased sales by 30% last month.(该促销活动使上月销量增长 30%。)
- We need to plan a promotion for the new product launch.(我们需为新品上市策划推广活动。)
promote v.
decline 拒绝 下降 衰老 地势倾斜
Profits declined by 15% last quarter.(上季度利润下降 15%。)
decline:礼貌婉拒(侧重态度温和)
- 例:She declined the gift with a smile.(她微笑着拒收礼物。)
refuse:直接拒绝(中性语气)
- 例:He refused to lend me money.(他拒绝借钱给我。)
reject:强硬拒绝(含否定、驳回意味)
- 例:The committee rejected his application.(委员会驳回了他的申请。)
deny:否认;拒绝给予(后接事物)
- 例:He denied any involvement in the crime.(他否认参与犯罪。)
out
outcome of the economic depression 经济萧条的结果
initial outlay on maketing 初期的市场费用
retail outlet 零售店
increase output
outline proposol 建议纲要
price
consumer price index CPI 居民消费指数
competitive price 有竞争力的价格
price tag
at any price =at any cost = at all cost
profit 利润 益处
average profit
profit margin 利润率
gross /net profit 毛/净利润
a profitable inverstement 有利可图的投资
progress 进展 前进
economic progress 经济发展
progress control
in progress 进行中
The construction of the new hospital is on schedule, with 60% progress achieved.
process 进程 过程 工序 强调 “流程、步骤
in the process of
The coffee-making process includes roasting, grinding, and brewing.
(咖啡制作流程包括烘焙、研磨和冲泡。)
(咖啡制作流程包括烘焙、研磨和冲泡。)
- process of elimination(排除法):
By the process of elimination, we found the source of the error.
(通过排除法,我们找到了错误的根源。)
(通过排除法,我们找到了错误的根源。)
eliminate 排除 淘汰 记忆方法:一厘米以内
The team was eliminated in the semi-finals
inhabit 居住
inhibit 抑制
inherit 遗传
记忆方法: inhabit 在……里习惯了,也就是居住 ;inhibit 将hi变得很小bit,也就是抑制 ;inherit 她有这个it,也就是遗传
reward 奖赏;报酬;报答
earn / win a reward
reward and punishment system
rewarding .adj 有报偿的 值得做的
reward sb. for sth
award 奖品 奖项
award sth. to sb或award sb sth
reward是对特定行为的回报
award特指官方决定授予的奖项
Award因成就 / 价值被主动授予权威认可(精神层面)诺贝尔奖、奥斯卡奖、学术奖项
Reward因付出 / 贡献被被动回报等价交换(物质 / 行为层面)悬赏金、员工奖金、游戏奖励Prize因竞争 / 比赛获胜所得竞赛结果(物质 / 荣誉结合)奥运奖牌、抽奖奖品、作文比赛奖金
Nobel Prize 固定搭配
They awarded me the Nobel Prize
scholarship 奖学金
She earned a full-ride scholarship to Harvard
她获得哈佛全额奖学金
campaign 活动
election campaign 竞选活动
degree 程度 学位
to some degree = to some extent 在一定程度上
To some degree, his argument makes sense
a backlor's degree
a master's degree
a doctor's degree
bachlor 单身汉 本科
flaw 漏洞 瑕疵
security flaw
fundamental flaw 基本缺陷
hostile 不友善的 恶意的
hostile acquisition/takeover 恶意收购
fight against hostile bid 打击恶意竞标
acquire 通过努力获得 收购
acquire强调 “通过努力 / 长期积累获得”Acquire expertise in finance
get最口语化,泛指 “得到”Get a job
obtain强调 “通过申请 / 努力正式获得”Obtain a visa
gain侧重 “通过付出代价或竞争获得”Gain admission to a university
achieve强调 “通过目标达成获得(成就)”Achieve success
acquire动词泛指 “收购”(善意 / 敌意均可)Acquire a competitor
take over动词侧重 “接管控制权”(常含敌意)Take over a struggling company
merge动词指 “合并”(双方地位平等)Merge two firms into one
acquisition :获得、取得(抽象或具体事物);收购、并购
The acquisition of new languages improves cognitive abilities.(学习新语言能提升认知能力。)
bid 出价 竞标
proposal 提案、方案
portable 便携的 手提的
portable computer
portability 便携性
real 真实的 不动产的
real estate market 房地产市场
estate 财产 遗产
He was dismissed beacuse he was incaple of dealing with daily office work
incorrect information
indirect cost/lost
inefficient management 低效管理
invalue resource 无价之宝
valueless resource 没有价值的资源
dismiss 解雇 解散 驳回
Dismiss sth. as sth.:将某事视为…… 而不予考虑
She dismissed his apology as insincere.(她认为他的道歉不真诚,不予理会。)
Dismissed因过错(如违规、失职)被开除正式书面语 / 法律场景
Fired口语化的 “解雇”,原因可轻可重日常职场交流
Laid off因经济原因(如公司裁员)失业经济衰退、企业结构调整等
correct .adj 正确的 vt 纠正 n
It's not correct to interrupt others.”(打断别人是不恰当的。)
The correct of his argument is beyond doubt.”(他论点的正确性毋庸置疑。)
normal
mormal price/loss
under normal circumstances在一般情况下
circumstance
Under the circumstances:在这种情况下;既然如此
In/Under no circumstances:绝不;无论如何都不(置于句首时句子需倒装)
例:“In no circumstances should you reveal the password.”(你绝不能泄露密码。)
例:“In no circumstances should you reveal the password.”(你绝不能泄露密码。)
Circumstances permitting:如果情况允许(相当于 “if circumstances allow”)
adapt 适应 改编 改造
~ (to sth./sb.) 或~oneself to sth.(使自己适应)
Animals adapt to changing climates.”(动物适应气候变化。)
The novel was adapted for the stage.”(这部小说被改编成舞台剧。)
Adapt the plan to meet new requirements.”(调整计划以满足新要求。)’
opening 开始的
opening hours 营业时间
opeing remarks 开场白
discard 抛弃 丢弃
discard outdated euqiment
His proposal was discarded for lack of feasibility
feasibility 可行性 可研究性
We need to assess the feasibility of the new project.”(我们需要评估新项目的可行性。)
assess 评估
access 通道 入口 权限
proposal 建议 提议 正式提案
- Proposal for sth.:关于某事的提案例:“a business proposal”(商业计划书)、“a proposal for a new project”(新项目提案)。
- Submit/accept/reject a proposal:提交 / 接受 / 拒绝提案例:“The company submitted a proposal to build a new factory.”(公司提交了建造新工厂的提案。)
disagree不一致 不同意
The data disagree with the real situation of our company
disagree with sb about/on/over sth
disappoint 失望 计划落空
I hope the result of the negotiation won't disappoint us
negotiation 谈判
dismentle 拆除 拆开
dismentle the engine
dismentle department A to A1 and A2
dismiss 解雇 驳回
He was dismissed for taking bribes
- Taking bribes is a serious criminal offense.(受贿是严重的刑事犯罪。)
criminal adj.犯罪的 n,罪犯
- criminal justice system(刑事司法体系)
- The company faces criminal charges for fraud.(该公司因欺诈面临刑事指控。)
dipatch 分派 派遣
The company dispatched me to check the production progress
dispathcer 调度员
expenditure 花费 消耗
capital expenditure
revenue expenditure 收益支出
increase/reduce expenduiture
increase expenditure to stimulate domistic demand
stimulate 刺激 鼓舞 促进
stimulate 侧重 “通过外部因素引发内在反应”,可用于生理、心理、经济等场景。 Exercise stimulates muscle growth.(运动刺激肌肉生长。)
encourage 侧重 “通过鼓励、支持给予精神动力”,对象多为人。 She encouraged her team to keep trying.(她鼓励团队继续尝试。)
inspire 侧重 “激发灵感或热情”,常与创造力、理想等抽象概念搭配。 The artist was inspired by nature.(这位艺术家从自然中获得灵感。)
motivate 侧重 “激发动机”,强调促使某人采取行动的内在动力。 What motivates him to work so hard?(是什么促使他如此努力工作?)
provoke 侧重 “引发强烈反应”,可能含负面意味(如愤怒、冲突)。 His remarks provoked public outrage.(他的言论激起了公愤。)
expretise 专业知识/技能
managerial expertise0
experiment 实验
freight 货物 运费
freight forwader 货运代理
fund基金 专款
housing (accumulation) fund 住房公积金
relief fund 救济金
fund flow
trust fund
idle fund 闲置资金
reserve fund 储备金
guile .n 指 “狡猾、诡计、欺诈”,强调通过巧妙或隐蔽的手段达到目的的特质。
例:He used guile to get what he wanted.(他用诡计得到了自己想要的东西。)
例:He used guile to get what he wanted.(他用诡计得到了自己想要的东西。)
court 法庭 球场
civil/criminal court 民事/刑事法庭
“The ball is in your court” 该你行动了”“轮到你做出回应或采取措施了”。
civil 公民的 文明的
civil society / civil behavior
civilian 平头百姓
civilization 文明
criminal adj 犯罪的 刑事的 n 罪犯
criminal activity”(犯罪活动)、“criminal law”(刑法)。
The police caught the criminal.”(警方抓住了那个罪犯。)
authority 权力 管辖权 权威 威信 不可数
机构 当局 可数
The government has the authority to regulate public health.(政府有权力监管公共卫生。)
• 常搭配:have authority over(对……有管辖权)、exercise authority(行使权力)。
She is an authority on environmental science.(她是环境科学领域的权威。)
• 常搭配:as an authority(作为权威)、gain authority(树立威信)。
Local authorities are responsible for road maintenance.(地方当局负责道路养护。)
• 常见搭配:health authorities(卫生部门)、educational authorities(教育机构)。
arbitrary 随意的 adj
arbitrarily adv
“casually” 是副词,由形容词 “casual” 加后缀 “-ly” 构成,主要含义和用法如下:
• 随意地、漫不经心地:形容行为不正式、不刻意,比如 “He casually mentioned the news.”(他随口提到了那个消息。)
• 偶然地、不经意地:表示并非特意为之,例如 “We met casually in the street.”(我们在街上偶然遇见。)
• 非正式地:指穿着、场合等不正式,如 “She dresses casually for work.”(她上班穿得很休闲。)
vary v 变化;改变
- The temperature varies throughout the day.(气温一整天都在变化。)
- Prices vary depending on the season.(价格随季节变化。)
- 常见搭配:vary with(随… 而变化)、vary over time(随时间变化)。
- Opinions vary on this issue.(在这个问题上意见不一。)
- The twins vary in their interests.(这对双胞胎兴趣不同。)
- 常见搭配:vary from...to...(从… 到… 不等)
- She varies her teaching methods to keep students engaged.(她变换教学方法以保持学生的兴趣。)
- The chef varies the menu daily.(厨师每天更换菜单。)
- 名词:variation(变化;差异)→ There is a lot of variation in prices.(价格差异很大。)
- 名词:variety(多样;种类)→ The store offers a variety of products.(这家商店提供各种各样的产品。)
- 形容词:various(各种各样的)→ We discussed various solutions.(我们讨论了各种解决方案。)
- 形容词:variable(可变的;不稳定的)→ The weather here is very variable.(这里的天气变化无常。)
supervise 监督 管理 指导
Teachers should supervise students during experiments.(教师应在实验期间监督学生。)
- 名词:supervision(监督;管理)→ The project was completed under his supervision.(项目在他的监督下完成。)
- 名词:supervisor(监督者;主管;导师)→ Your supervisor will review your performance.(你的主管将评估你的表现。)
- 形容词:supervisory(监督的;管理的)→ Supervisory roles require strong leadership skills.(管理岗位需要很强的领导能力。)
- 主语通常是人:✅ A teacher supervised the exam.(老师监考。)❌ The exam was supervised by cameras.(×,建议用 monitored)
Finality .n 终结性;确定性 强调某事的不可更改性或最终状态,常表示 “终结”“定论” 或 “无可挽回”
- “The judge’s decision brought a sense of finality to the case.”(法官的判决给案件画上了句号。)
- “She spoke with finality, leaving no room for debate.”(她的语气不容置疑,没有商量的余地。)
Finalization .n 完成;定稿 强调完成某事的过程,即从 “未完成” 到 “最终确定” 的步骤
We are waiting for the finalization of the budget.(我们在等待预算的最终确定。)
Finality 强调结果的确定性(不可更改) 结果已达成(如判决、死亡) “with finality”(不容置疑地)
Finalization 强调过程的最后一步(完成) 正在进行最后步骤(如审核、签署) “await finalization”(等待完成)